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Objective:To explore the causes of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis of fetal liver, hemangioma by prenatal ultrasound, aimed at improving the diagnostic rate of fetal liver hemangioma by prenatal ultrasound.Methods:Six cases of misdiagnosed fetal liver hemangioma in Hunan Province Maternal and Child Health Hospital between January 2016 and October 2018 were selected. In these cases, live births were tracked until they were 6-24 months old, while autopsy was carried out on induced fetuses. These failed cases were analyzed retrospectively, in terms of their scanning methods, ultrasonographic features and pregnancy outcomes.Results:Three cases were misdiagnosed by perinatal ultrasound: the time for the first discovery of masses in these cases was 37 + 3 weeks, 39 + 5 weeks and 37 + 4 weeks respectively. All of these tissues appeared as mixed echogenic masses and were misdiagnosed as hepatoblastoma. The other three cases were categorized as prenatal ultrasound missed diagnosis: in one case, prenatal ultrasound examination failed to detect the disease in question during the whole pregnancy, while ultrasound examination revealed lesions 2 days after birth; the other case didn′t see the detection of hepatic hemangioma was not detected until the 40th week of pregnancy by ultrasound in another case, as prenatal ultrasound at 31 + 6 weeks and 37 + 4 weeks showed nothing abnormal; yet prenatal ultrasound examination of the third case showed no findings in which at 26 + 6 weeks pregnant, but ultrasound performed at 33 weeks into gestation suspected slightly hypoechoic area in the liver, which was indicated hepatic hemangioma by MRI. Among the 6 cases, 2 of the induced fetuses were confirmed as hepatic capillary tumor by autopsy and pathological examination by with the consents of their family; four live births were confirmed to be hepatic hemangioma by contrast-enhanced CT scan and clinical follow-up observation. Conclusions:Multi-angle and multi-section scanning technique should be adopted in prenatal ultrasound examination of fetal liver. Mean while observations must also be made of any changes in the hepatic vein and any displacement of the peripheral organs of the liver, while ultrasonic images and color Doppler flow imaging features of the lesions are further analyzed. These actions lead to an improvement in the diagnostic accuracy of fetal liver hemangioma, which serves as a useful clinical guide to active and effective intervention measures.
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Objective@#To analyze the clinical features of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) complicated with pulmonary thromboembolism(PTE).@*Methods@#The clinical data of 21 patients with COPD and PTE and 26 patients with acute exacerbation of COPD(AECOPD) from June 2015 to March 2018 in Taiyuan Central Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.The SSPS 22.0 statistical software was used to analyze the clinical data.General data, blood gas analysis results, lung function, hemoglobin, coagulation parameters, combined disease were analyzed.@*Results@#There were no statistically significant differences in age, gender and lung function grading between the COPD complicated with PTE group and AECOPD group (all P>0.05). The incidence rates of chest pain(8 cases, 38.1%) and syncope(2 cases, 10.5%) in the COPD complicated with PTE group were higher than those in the AECOPD group[chest pain(3 cases, 11.5%), syncope(1 case, 3.8%)](χ2=7.645, 9.413, all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in carbon dioxide partial pressure(PaCO2)retention between the two groups(P>0.05). The blood oxygen partial pressure(PaO2) of the COPD complicated with PTE group was (62.86±15.10)mmHg, which was lower than that of the AECOPD group [(74.83±17.59)mmHg](t=4.642, P<0.05). The hemoglobin, activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT), fibrinogen(FIB), D-dimer levels in the COPD complicated with PTE group were (146.78±21.40)g/L, (35.62±5.93)s, (4.34±1.18)g/L, (5.02±3.63)mg/L, respectively, which were higher than those in the AECOPD group [(137.45±15.15)g/L, (29.38±3.16)s, (3.62±1.08)g/L, (0.92±0.42)mg/L] (t=4.375, 4.654, 3.869, 18.653, all P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the proportion of comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and lower extremity(all P>0.05).@*Conclusion@#COPD patients complicated with PTE have the following characteristics: elderly and male patients accounted for a high proportion, chest pain and syncope symptoms occurred in a high proportion, severe hypoxia, hemoglobin and D-dimer increased significantly.
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Objective To analyze the clinical features of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) complicated with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE).Methods The clinical data of 21 patients with COPD and PTE and 26 patients with acute exacerbation of COPD(AECOPD) from June 2015 to March 2018 in Taiyuan Central Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.The SSPS 22.0 statistical software was used to analyze the clinical data.General data,blood gas analysis results,lung function,hemoglobin,coagulation parameters,combined disease were analyzed.Results There were no statistically significant differences in age,gender and lung function grading between the COPD complicated with PTE group and AECOPD group (all P ＞ 0.05).The incidence rates of chest pain(8 cases,38.1％) and syncope(2 cases,10.5％) in the COPD complicated with PTE group were higher than those in the AECOPD group [chest pain (3 cases,11.5 ％),syncope (1 case,3.8 ％)] (x2 =7.645,9.413,all P ＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2)retention between the two groups(P＞0.05).The blood oxygen partial pressure(PaO2) of the COPD complicated with PTE group was (62.86 ± 15.10)mmHg,which was lower than that of the AECOPD group [(74.83 ± 17.59)mmHg] (t =4.642,P ＜ 0.05).The hemoglobin,activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT),fibrinogen (FIB),D-dimer levels in the COPD complicated with PTE group were (146.78 ± 21.40) g/L,(35.62 ± 5.93) s,(4.34 ± 1.18) g/L,(5.02 ± 3.63)mg/L,respectively,which were higher than those in the AECOPD group [(137.45 ± 15.15)g/L,(29.38 ±3.16) s,(3.62 ± 1.08) g/L,(0.92 ±0.42) mg/L] (t =4.375,4.654,3.869,18.653,all P ＜0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the proportion of comorbidities such as diabetes,hypertension,hyperlipidemia and lower extremity (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion COPD patients complicated with PTE have the following characteristics:elderly and male patients accounted for a high proportion,chest pain and syncope symptoms occurred in a high proportion,severe hypoxia,hemoglobin and D-dimer increased significantly.
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AIM: To investigate the effect of sitagliptin on the autopaghy and the expression of extracellular matrix in mesangial cells induced by advanced glycation end products (AGEs).METHODS: The cells were divided into 5 groups: control group, AGE group, and sitagliptin (5, 10 and 20 μmol/L) groups.After 48 h, the cell viability was measured by MTT assay, and the content of collagen (Col) Ⅳ in the supernatant of the cell culture was detected by ELISA.The protein levels of beclin-1, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), p-AMPK, p70S6K and p-p70S6K were determined by Western blot.RESULTS: Compared with control group, the viability and the expression of Col IV induced by AGEs in the cultured mesangial cells were significantly increased (P<0.01).Sitagliptin decreased the viability and the expression of Col IV induced by AGEs in the mesangial cells in a dose-dependent manner.AGEs significantly inhibited the protein levels of beclin-1 and p-AMPK, but significantly increased the protein level of p-p70S6K.Compared with AGE group, sitagliptin significantly reversed the above results in a dose-dependent manner.CONCLUSION: Autophagy may mediate the protective effect of sitagliptin on mesangial cells induced by AGEs.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the efficacy differences between ginger-separated moxibustion atpoints combined withformula andformula alone on patients with decreased ovarian reserve function.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty patients of decreased ovarian reserve function were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 25 cases in each one. The patients in the observation group were treated with ginger-separated moxibustion atpoints combined withformula; the moxibustion was given for 1.5 h, once every seven days, and no treatment was given during menstrual period. The patients in the control group were treated withformula. One-month treatment was taken as one treatment course, and totally three courses were given. The change of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E), anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), antral follicle count (AFC), peak systolic velocity (PSV), resistance index (RI) were observed before and after treatment in the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment, the FSH, FSH/LH and RI were significantly lowered, but the E, AFC, PSV were significantly increased in the two groups (all<0.05); the FSH, FSH/LH and Ein the observation group were lower and AFC was higher than those in the control group (all<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The ginger-separated moxibustion atpoints combined withformula are superior toformula alone in improving ovarian reserve function.</p>
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Aim To investigate the effect of flavonoids from Prinsepia utilis Royle( FPR) on the histomorphol-ogy of kidney in diabetic mice, and to investigate its protective mechanism. Methods Diabetic mice in-duced by alloxan were given FPR orally each day for four weeks. After the administration for two and four weeks, ten mice in each group were randomly sacri-ficed. The kidneys were removed and weighed. The extracted renal tissue was embedded with paraffin and sectioned, the sections were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin(HE)、Periodic acid Schiff(PAS) and Go-mori, and then observed under the microscopy. 1mm3 of renal cortex fixed with glutaral in four centi-degree , and then the ultrastructure of each group was observed under the electron microscope respectively after four weeks′ treatment. Results Compared with the model control group, in the treatment group, observation un-der the microscopy showed that glomerular volume and mesangial cells reduced, FPR could relieve thickening of the glomerular basement membrane ( GBM ) , little inflammatory cells infiltrated in the interstitium,tubular epithelial cells almost became normal, renal tubule had little glucogen, fiber decreased in the interstitium of renal tubule. Observation under the electron micro-scope indicated that foot process in podocytes lined up in order, mitochondria of the renal tubule’ s epithelial cell almost recovered. Conclusion FPR can relieve the changes of renal pathology,improve renal function, and delay the progression of pathologic changes of kid-ney in diabetic mice partly through reducing the blood glucose and the blood lipid.
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In exploring the reform of pathology teaching, we tried to utilize the PBL teaching mode with multimedia technology and got a good result. We found that the new teaching method not only can improve the quality of teaching, stimulate students' interest in pathology, but also can enhance the ability to analyze and solve the problem, and strengthen the learning initiative and enthusiasm at the same time. It is an advanced teaching method to cultivate good medical students by means of PBL teaching mode and multimedia technology. However, we still need further exploration on how to make good use of the new teaching methode.
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In order to investigate the effect of vitamin A (VA) on the secretion of IFN-gamma and IL-4 in Mycoplasma Pneumoniae (MP)-induced A549 cells, A549 cells were co-cultured with MP for different time lengths and then the levels of IFN-gamma and IL-4 in the cell culture supernatants were detected before and after treatment with different concentrations of VA by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that the level of IFN-gamma and IL-4 in the supernatants of MP-induced A549 cells was much higher than that in non-induced cells (P<0.01). After application of VA, IL-4 level was not increased until the concentration of VA was up to 0.5x10(-5) mol/L (P<0.01). However, with concentration of VA increased up to 1x10(-4) mol/L, IL-4 was significantly suppressed (P<0.01). It was concluded that MP could induce the secretion of IFN-gamma and IL-4 in A549 cells. VA could inhibit the secretion of IFN-gamma and increase the IL-4 level in MP-induced A549 cells. However, high concentration of VA had an inhibitory effect on the secretion of IL-4 as well as on the IFN-gamma. These data provided a theoretical basis for the application of VA in MP pneumonia in the clinical practice.
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Cell Line, Tumor , Coculture Techniques , Culture Techniques , Interferon-gamma/metabolism , Interleukin-4/metabolism , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Mycoplasma pneumoniae/growth & development , Mycoplasma pneumoniae/physiology , Vitamin A/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the regulative role of N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine(GlcNAc) on the stressed mice macrophages function.Methods The stressed mice model was established by electric footshock method.The mice were divided into 5 groups:normal control group,stressed mice model group,low dose Glc-NAc treatment group(0.25 ml 15% GlcNAc),medium-dose GlcNAc treatment group(0.5 ml 15% GlcNAc) and high-dose GlcNAc treatment group(1 ml 15% GlcNAc).GlcNAc was intragastrically injected to corresponding mice 2 h before the electrical stimulation.Peritoneal macrophage(PM?) phagocytosis capability was detected by phagocytosis saccharomycete assay,and PM? energy metabolism was detected by MTT assay.Results Compared with normal control group,stressed mice PM? phagocytosis capability was significantly lower(P
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Aim To explore the effects of heat stress on TNF-?-induced fever and the content of cAMP in rat hypothalamus. Methods ①We examined the peak time of HSP70 expression in hypothalamus after heat stress; ②We studied the change of TNF-?-induced fever and the content of cAMP in hypothalamus after heat stress. Result The maximum expression of HSP70 in hypothalamus was attained at 12 h after heat stress. Heat stress limited TNF-?-induced fever and decreased the content of cAMP in hypothalamus. Conclusion Heat stress can inhibit TNF-?-induced fever in rats, and this effect may be related with the inhibition of cAMP synthesis induced by high expression HSP70 in hypothalamus.
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Aim To study the effects of Bombesin(BN) on hypothermia of rats and its relation with cAMP.Methods SD male rats were dealed with intracerebroventricular administration of bombesin and IL -1?. Change in body temperature was measured and content of cAMP in hypothalam us and plasma was detected. Results ①In the febrile rats induced by icv. injection of IL-1?, cAMP level in POA and plasma was significantly higher (P
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Aim To screen out the antigenic sequences from HCV core protein random peptide libraries displayed on phage and to explore a new way to screen the viral antigens. Methods The anti-HCV core antibody-positive serum was used to screen antigenic peptides from the HCV core protein random peptide libraries displayed on phage for 4 rounds. Detection of numbers of positive clones, positive rate of insertion of HCV random DNA and positive rate of hybridization with HCV core probes were used to evaluate the screening effects. The DNA sequences of 7 selected clones with positive hybridization were determined and analysed. Results Six out of 7 sequences are HCV core protein sequences, in which 5 were perfectly displayed,and one was possibly displayed. These sequences included several major HCV core antigenic epitopes. The remaining one was E.coli nrfa gene. Conclusion The phage display technique can be applied to study the viral antigenic peptides with the advantages of simple, accuracy and rapidity.
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Objective: To investigate the effects of Anglimingshi Capsules on preventing and treating experimental catarct. Methods: The model of D galactose induced catarct in rats was established. The effects of Anglimingshi Capsules on the catarct advance, lens opacity, lens structure, MDA and the concentrations of disoluble protein and high weight protein of treated rats were examined.Results: Anglimingshi Capsules could delay the advance of catarct, lower lens opacity and lighten the injury of lens structure by D galactose. Anglimingshi Capsules also decreased the concentration of MDA, lightened the injury of lens by lipid peroxidation and decreaseed the concentrations of disoluble protein and high weight protein. Conclusion: The test provided the foundation for application of Anglimingshi capsule.